osx has the really powerful dtrace/ktrace/dtruss tools - however i'm not willing to invest the time necessary to learn dealing with them right now.
what's the easiest way to get the equivalent functionality of linux ltrace (and possibly strace) on OSX?
No answer for ltrace (except perhaps "work out how to use dtrace" :-) ), but for system call tracing ala strace, dtruss is a pretty good front end to dtrace.
e.g.
dtruss df -h # run and examine the "df -h" command
dtruss -p 1871 # examine PID 1871
dtruss -n tar # examine all processes called "tar"