I'm still on my quest for a really simple language and I know now that there are none. So I'm writing one myself using ANTLR3.
I found a really great example in this answer:
Exp.g:
grammar Exp;
eval returns [double value]
: exp=additionExp {$value = $exp.value;}
;
additionExp returns [double value]
: m1=multiplyExp {$value = $m1.value;}
( '+' m2=multiplyExp {$value += $m2.value;}
| '-' m2=multiplyExp {$value -= $m2.value;}
)*
;
multiplyExp returns [double value]
: a1=atomExp {$value = $a1.value;}
( '*' a2=atomExp {$value *= $a2.value;}
| '/' a2=atomExp {$value /= $a2.value;}
)*
;
atomExp returns [double value]
: n=Number {$value = Double.parseDouble($n.text);}
| '(' exp=additionExp ')' {$value = $exp.value;}
;
Number
: ('0'..'9')+ ('.' ('0'..'9')+)?
;
WS
: (' ' | '\t' | '\r'| '\n') {$channel=HIDDEN;}
;
Java Code:
public Double evaluate(String string, Map<String, Double> input) throws RecognitionException {
ANTLRStringStream in = new ANTLRStringStream(string);
ExpLexer lexer = new ExpLexer(in);
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
return new ExpParser(tokens).eval();
}
Using this ANTLR grammer I can evaluate expressions like
(12+14)/2
and get 13 as a result.
Now the only thing missing for my use-case is a way to inject simple double variables into this, so that I can evaluate the following by supplying {"A": 12.0, "B":14.0} as the input map:
(A+B)/2
Any ideas?
You could create a Map<String, Double> memory
in your parser and introduce a Identifier
in your grammar:
Identifier
: ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '_') ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '_' | '0'..'9')*
;
Then your atomExp
parser rule would look like this:
atomExp returns [double value]
: n=Number {$value = Double.parseDouble($n.text);}
| i=Identifier {$value = memory.get($i.text);} // <- added!
| '(' exp=additionExp ')' {$value = $exp.value;}
;
Here's a small (complete) demo:
grammar Exp;
@parser::members {
private java.util.HashMap<String, Double> memory = new java.util.HashMap<String, Double>();
public static Double eval(String expression) throws Exception {
return eval(expression, new java.util.HashMap<String, Double>());
}
public static Double eval(String expression, java.util.Map<String, Double> vars) throws Exception {
ANTLRStringStream in = new ANTLRStringStream(expression);
ExpLexer lexer = new ExpLexer(in);
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
ExpParser parser = new ExpParser(tokens);
parser.memory.putAll(vars);
return parser.parse();
}
}
parse returns [double value]
: exp=additionExp {$value = $exp.value;}
;
additionExp returns [double value]
: m1=multiplyExp {$value = $m1.value;}
( '+' m2=multiplyExp {$value += $m2.value;}
| '-' m2=multiplyExp {$value -= $m2.value;}
)*
;
multiplyExp returns [double value]
: a1=atomExp {$value = $a1.value;}
( '*' a2=atomExp {$value *= $a2.value;}
| '/' a2=atomExp {$value /= $a2.value;}
)*
;
atomExp returns [double value]
: n=Number {$value = Double.parseDouble($n.text);}
| i=Identifier {$value = memory.get($i.text);}
| '(' exp=additionExp ')' {$value = $exp.value;}
;
Identifier
: ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '_') ('a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '_' | '0'..'9')*
;
Number
: ('0'..'9')+ ('.' ('0'..'9')+)?
;
WS
: (' ' | '\t' | '\r'| '\n') {$channel=HIDDEN;}
;
And now theres no need to instantiate the parser/lexer yourself, you can simply do:
import org.antlr.runtime.*;
import java.util.*;
public class ANTLRDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Map<String, Double> vars = new HashMap<String, Double>();
vars.put("two", 2.0);
vars.put("pi", Math.PI);
System.out.println(ExpParser.eval("two * pi", vars));
}
}
which will produce:
6.283185307179586
Good luck!