Is there a pre-trained doc2vec model with a large data set, like Wikipedia or similar?
I don't know of any good one. There's one linked from this project, but:
While it takes a long time and significant amount of working RAM, there is a Jupyter notebook demonstrating the creation of a Doc2Vec
model from Wikipedia included in gensim:
https://github.com/RaRe-Technologies/gensim/blob/develop/docs/notebooks/doc2vec-wikipedia.ipynb
So, I would recommend fixing the mistakes in your attempt. (And, if you succeed in creating a model, and want to document it for others, you could upload it somewhere for others to re-use.)