C# seems to show some promise for scientific computing, but I found very little about one plotting 2D graphs, which is very important both for science student and scientists.
Is there a reliable, free, way to create publication quality 2D plot with C# ? And the capacity to save to several formats (png, eps, ...). Something similar to Python's matplotlib ?
There is OxyPlot which I recommend. It has packages for WPF, Metro, Silverlight, Windows Forms, Avalonia UI, XWT. Besides graphics it can export to SVG, PDF, Open XML, etc. And it even supports Mono and Xamarin for Android and iOS. It is actively developed too.
There is also a new (at least for me) open source .NET plotting library called Live-Charts. The plots are pretty interactive. Library suports WPF, WinForms and UWP. Xamarin is planned. The design is made towards MV* patterns. But @Paweł Audionysos suggests not such a good performance of Live-Charts WPF.