How to create Virtualbox shared folder between Windows host and Ubuntu18.04 guest machine
I've read docs and all questions about sharing folder from host machine to Virtualbox's guest machine and still can't get it working. In my case the host is Windows machine and guest is Ubuntu18.04 server machine.
What is advised and what I've already tried:
1) In the VM's menu I found 'devices' submenu and clicked 'Insert Guest Additions CD image' option after which the CD icon in the status bar was lit and shows that the CD is inserted and the path to iso is C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxGuestAdditions.iso (I checked that file really exists there).
2) In the same 'devices' VM's settings submenu I opened 'Shared Folder Settings' and added shared folder with name 'test' and path 'D:\test' which leads to the folder on my D: disk which contains test files.
3) I reboot my Ubuntu VM and look into /media directory expecting to find /media/cdrom directory or something like this with file VBoxLinuxAdditions.run in it, which should be run according to docs. But /media directory is empty so I have nothing to do with it. I looked for this file into other directories but had no success.
After that I tried to install Virtualbox-guest-additions from repository as was advised on ubuntu forum:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms
And checked that the package was installed with command:
lsmod | grep -io vboxguest
But when I rebooted and tried to mount the shared folder with:
mkdir -p /home/myusername/test
sudo mount -t vboxsf test /home/myusername/test
I've got error:
mount: /home/myusername/test: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /home/myusername/test, missing codepage or helper program or other error.
I see there is no /sbin/mount.vboxsf link present, I'm not sure if this is a problem, also I tried add my user to 'vboxsf' group with:
sudo usermod -a -G vboxsf myusername
but the group was not created too.
What am I missing, what is the way to make it work?
Answer
After a whole day of trying different solutions I finally found the missing ingredient. But I'm gonna repeat my topic content partially and put here step by step instruction for someone struggling with this task like me.
We suppose that we already have the Ubuntu 18.04 VM installed and the linux user "myusername" with sudo permissions on this machine.
So, to share folder D:\test (just as an example) on Windows host machine to Ubuntu 18.04 Virtualbox's guest machine (it's content should be available in /home/myusername/test directory) we make these steps:
1) Start Ubuntu VM from VirtualBox interface
2) Open "Shared Folder Settings" in the "devices" submenu of the started Ubuntu VM window's upper menu and set the shared folder name as "test" and the path as "/home/myusername/test" and fill the checkbox "Make Permanent"
3) Install virtualbox-guest-dkms and virtualbox-guest-utils packages to Ubuntu VM with the package manager.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-utils
4) Create a directory /home/myusername/test on your Ubuntu VM
mkdir /home/myusername/test
5) Restart Ubuntu VM
reboot
6) After rebooting mount shared folder in Ubuntu VM with command
mount -t vboxsf test /home/myusername/test
7) Check files in your /home/myusername/test directory, they should be the same files which are located in your Windows D:\test folder
ls /home/myusername/test
8) Additionally you can make this shared folder auto mounted after rebooting, to do so you need add the next line to your ubuntu user's /home/myusername/.profile file:
echo "sudo mount -t vboxsf test /home/myusername/test" >> /home/myusername/.profile
and give your user permission to mount without entering password with opening "sudo visudo" command (which is used to change the /etc/sudoers file) and add the next line:
myusername ALL = (ALL) NOPASSWD: /bin/mount
That's it, after these steps I've managed to share files from Windows host to Ubuntu guest machine. I'd like to mention that the shared directory itself and all files inside it belong to root but has 777 rights so there is no problem using them as any user can do whatever he wants with them.