I want to know how to simply publish over http = much like Mercurial's hg serve! On the Windows/work box do this:
git serve
and then on the Linux box SIMPLY go:
git clone http://project project
finished.
Navigate into your project and start git-daemon with the following switches:
cd project
git daemon --reuseaddr --base-path=. --export-all --verbose
This tells git-daemon to serve up all projects inside the current directory (which I assume is the project directory containing the .git/ folder). It also tells it to re-use the same address if you shut it down and start it back up too fast.
You can put this into a batch script with an easy to remember name like "gitserve", so you don't need to type it all out again. As suggested in some of the comments, in recent versions of Git you can add an alias to the Git config:
[alias]
serve = !git daemon --reuseaddr --verbose --base-path=. --export-all ./.git
Once that's done on the server (your Windows box), you can do:
git serve
git-daemon uses the git:// protocol for transport, so on the client (your Linux box), you would need to do:
git clone git://123.456.789.111/ project