Using `pkg-config` as command line argument under cygwin/msys bash

Question

I'm trying to use cygwin as a build environment under Windows. I have some dependencies on 3rd party packages, for example, GTK+.

Normally when I build under Linux, in my Makefile I can add a call to pkg-config as an argument to gcc, so it comes out like so:

gcc example.c `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-2.0` 

This works fine under Linux, but in cygwin I get:

:Invalid argument
make: *** [example] Error 1

Right now, I am just manually running pkg-config and pasting the output into the Makefile, which is truly terrible. Is there a good way to workaround or fix for this issue?

Make isn't the culprit. I can copy and paste the command line that make uses to call gcc, and that by itself will run gcc, which halts with ": Invalid argument".

I wrote a small test program to print out command line arguments:

for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
    printf("'%s'\n", argv[i]);

Notice the single quotes.

$ pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0
-Lc:/mingw/lib -lgtk-win32-2.0 -lgdk-win32-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpang
owin32-1.0 -lgdi32 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lpango-1.0 -lcairo -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-
2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lintl

Running through the test program:

$ ./t `pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0`
'C:\cygwin\home\smo\pvm\src\t.exe'
'-Lc:/mingw/lib'
'-lgtk-win32-2.0'
'-lgdk-win32-2.0'
'-latk-1.0'
'-lgdk_pixbuf-2.0'
'-lpangowin32-1.0'
'-lgdi32'
'-lpangocairo-1.0'
'-lpango-1.0'
'-lcairo'
'-lgobject-2.0'
'-lgmodule-2.0'
'-lglib-2.0'
'-lintl'
'

Notice the one single quote on the last line. It looks like argc is one greater than it should be, and argv[argc - 1] is null. Running the same test on Linux does not have this result.

That said, is there, say, some way I could have the Makefile store the result of pkg-config into a variable, and then use that variable, rather than using the back-tick operator?

Answer 1

That said, is there, say, some way I could have the Makefile store the result of pkg-config into a variable, and then use that variable, rather than using the back-tick operator?

GTK_LIBS = $(shell pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0)