I am looking for soulution how to rename files inside a 7zip archive by command line (unix).
The Unix tool p7zip is based on 7zip and should support the same command line options, which are documented in its help file.
To rename from the CLI, you'll need version 9.30 or above, and to rename multiple files in one go you'll need at least version 15.05 (which might not yet be ported):
http://www.7-zip.org/history.txt
The syntax to rename files inside archives is
7za rn <archive_name> <src_file_1> <dest_file_1> [ <src_file_2> <dest_file_2> ... ]
It also allows to move files around, e.g. into a subdirectory:
7za rn archive.7z old.txt new/location/new.txt