How to test my servlet using JUnit

Question

I have created a web system using Java Servlets and now want to make JUnit testing. My dataManager is just a basic piece of code that submits it to the database. How would you test a Servlet with JUnit?

My code example that allows a user to register/sign up, which is submitted from my main page via AJAX:

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
         throws ServletException, IOException{

    // Get parameters
    String userName = request.getParameter("username");
    String password = request.getParameter("password");
    String name = request.getParameter("name");

    try {

        // Load the database driver
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        //pass reg details to datamanager       
        dataManager = new DataManager();
        //store result as string
        String result = dataManager.register(userName, password, name);

        //set response to html + no cache
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        //send response with register result
        response.getWriter().write(result);

    } catch(Exception e){
        System.out.println("Exception is :" + e);
    }  
}

Answer 1

You can do this using Mockito to have the mock return the correct params, verify they were indeed called (optionally specify number of times), write the 'result' and verify it's correct.

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestMyServlet extends Mockito{

    @Test
    public void testServlet() throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest request = mock(HttpServletRequest.class);       
        HttpServletResponse response = mock(HttpServletResponse.class);    

        when(request.getParameter("username")).thenReturn("me");
        when(request.getParameter("password")).thenReturn("secret");

        StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
        when(response.getWriter()).thenReturn(writer);

        new MyServlet().doPost(request, response);

        verify(request, atLeast(1)).getParameter("username"); // only if you want to verify username was called...
        writer.flush(); // it may not have been flushed yet...
        assertTrue(stringWriter.toString().contains("My expected string"));
    }
}