List of special characters for SQL LIKE clause

Jonathan Parker picture Jonathan Parker · Apr 3, 2009 · Viewed 269.2k times · Source

What is the complete list of all special characters for a SQL (I'm interested in SQL Server but other's would be good too) LIKE clause?

E.g.

SELECT Name FROM Person WHERE Name LIKE '%Jon%'

SQL Server:

  1. %
  2. _
  3. [specifier] E.g. [a-z]
  4. [^specifier]
  5. ESCAPE clause E.g. %30!%%' ESCAPE '!' will evaluate 30% as true
  6. ' characters need to be escaped with ' E.g. they're becomes they''re

MySQL:

  1. % - Any string of zero or more characters.
  2. _ - Any single character
  3. ESCAPE clause E.g. %30!%%' ESCAPE '!' will evaluate 30% as true

Oracle:

  1. % - Any string of zero or more characters.
  2. _ - Any single character
  3. ESCAPE clause E.g. %30!%%' ESCAPE '!' will evaluate 30% as true

Sybase

  1. %
  2. _
  3. [specifier] E.g. [a-z]
  4. [^specifier]

Progress:

  1. % - Any string of zero or more characters.
  2. _ - Any single character

    Reference Guide here [PDF]

PostgreSQL:

  1. % - Any string of zero or more characters.
  2. _ - Any single character
  3. ESCAPE clause E.g. %30!%%' ESCAPE '!' will evaluate 30% as true

ANSI SQL92:

  1. %
  2. _
  3. An ESCAPE character only if specified.

PostgreSQL also has the SIMILAR TO operator which adds the following:

  1. [specifier]
  2. [^specifier]
  3. | - either of two alternatives
  4. * - repetition of the previous item zero or more times.
  5. + - repetition of the previous item one or more times.
  6. () - group items together

The idea is to make this a community Wiki that can become a "One stop shop" for this.

Answer

Çağdaş Tekin picture Çağdaş Tekin · Apr 3, 2009

For SQL Server, from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms179859.aspx :

  • % Any string of zero or more characters.

    WHERE title LIKE '%computer%' finds all book titles with the word 'computer' anywhere in the book title.

  • _ Any single character.

    WHERE au_fname LIKE '_ean' finds all four-letter first names that end with ean (Dean, Sean, and so on).

  • [ ] Any single character within the specified range ([a-f]) or set ([abcdef]).

    WHERE au_lname LIKE '[C-P]arsen' finds author last names ending with arsen and starting with any single character between C and P, for example Carsen, Larsen, Karsen, and so on. In range searches, the characters included in the range may vary depending on the sorting rules of the collation.

  • [^] Any single character not within the specified range ([^a-f]) or set ([^abcdef]).

    WHERE au_lname LIKE 'de[^l]%' all author last names starting with de and where the following letter is not l.