i just want to know if it is possible to declare variables on the DBeaver´s sql editor and use them on a query
You have to enable variable processing in the "SQL Processing" settings of DBeaver -> Window -> Preferences -> Database -> Editors -> SQL Editor -> SQL Processing. There is a block on Parameters
with settings you can change. See the Dynamic Parameter binding section on the wiki.
You should then be able to do:
@set date = '2019-10-09'
SELECT ${date}::DATE, ${date}::TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE
which produces:
| date | timestamp |
|------------|---------------------|
| 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 00:00:00 |