I have a database in with I have many bit type columns. After adding other columns I need all old columns to have default "false" values.
To update each old column to 0, you can use this query (on a column-by-column basis):
UPDATE MyTable
SET OldCol1 = 0
WHERE OldCol1 IS NULL
Then, if you want any future values to have a default of 0 as well, use this:
ALTER TABLE MyTable
ALTER COLUMN OldCol1 bit NOT NULL
ALTER TABLE MyTable
ADD CONSTRAINT OldCol1ShouldBeFalse DEFAULT 0 FOR OldCol1
Now, you'll have to run this against each old column, so hopefully you don't have too many.