Is there a way to run a Sonar 5.1.1
Analysis completely in the Dashboard GUI?
If not what are the steps to run it otherwise? I can't seem to find a document that walks you through the steps.
The Sonar Server / Dashboard / GUI is just used to display data, not to collect data (this old blog post explains the sonar architecture).
To collect data you can use maven, gradle, ant or sonar-runner for other projects. The documentation that guides you is in ... the sonar documentation :) - see the child pages, as they explain the details of how to configure the technologies I mentioned above.
I suggest you to also have a read at the configuration parameters you can pass, as the docs are not super clear about them.