How would I modify/add text to a tkinter.Label?

Question

I am in the process of learning basic Python. I am currently attempting to create a simple calculator program that only has addition and subtraction. I have one issue though. I am not sure how I would add text to my Python label upon button press. Right now, upon pressing the '1' button, my program will change the display label to the text "1". However, I want my program to add text, not set it.

For example, if I press 'button 1' 5 times, it currently will reset the label text 5 times and will result with a single 1. I want it to add the number to the label upon press, not replace.

Current Result after pressing button 5 times: 1
Requested result after pressing button 5 times: 11111

Here is my current code for the program. If anything is unclear, just ask; thanks.

from tkinter import *

window = Tk()

# Creating main label
display = Label(window, text="")
display.grid(row=0, columnspan=3)

def add_one():
    display.config(text='1')

# Creating all number buttons
one = Button(window, text="1", height=10, width=10, command=add_one)
two = Button(window, text="2", height=10, width=10)
three = Button(window, text="3", height=10, width=10)
four = Button(window, text="4", height=10, width=10)
five = Button(window, text="5", height=10, width=10)
six = Button(window, text="6", height=10, width=10)
seven = Button(window, text="7", height=10, width=10)
eight = Button(window, text="8", height=10, width=10)
nine = Button(window, text="9", height=10, width=10)
zero = Button(window, text="0", height=10, width=10)

# Placing all number buttons
one.grid(row=1, column=0)
two.grid(row=1, column=1)
three.grid(row=1, column=2)
four.grid(row=2, column=0)
five.grid(row=2, column=1)
six.grid(row=2, column=2)
seven.grid(row=3, column=0)
eight.grid(row=3, column=1)
nine.grid(row=3, column=2)

# Creating all other buttons
add = Button(window, text="+", height=10, width=10)
subtract = Button(window, text="-", height=10, width=10)
equal = Button(window, text="=", height=10, width=10)

# Placing all other buttons
add.grid(row=4, column=0)
subtract.grid(row=4, column=1)
equal.grid(row=4, column=2)

window.mainloop()

Answer 1

You should use a StringVar for this. And your callback needs to get the current contents of the StringVar, modify it, and use the modified string to set the new value of the StringVar. Like this:

import tkinter as tk

window = tk.Tk()

# Creating main label
display_text = tk.StringVar()
display = tk.Label(window, textvariable=display_text)
display.grid(row=0, columnspan=3)

def add_one():
    s = display_text.get()
    s += '1'
    display_text.set(s)

one = tk.Button(window, text="1", height=10, width=10, command=add_one)
one.grid(row=1, column=0)

window.mainloop()

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BTW, you should try to make your program a little more compact by using for loops to create and lay out your buttons, in accordance with the DRY principle.

Also, it's not a good idea to use from tkinter import *. It imports over 130 names into your namespace, making it easy to create name collisions if you accidentally use a Tkinter name for one of your own variables or functions.