Python - different size subplots in matplotlib

Question

I have 4 subplots, i achieve to plot 3 subplots on 1 line but i can t add an other plot on a second line which must have the same width of the 3 figures. The first 3 figures :

The second figure, i want to add:

I try that :

plt.close()

font={'family':'sans-serif','weight':'normal','size':'14'}
plt.rc('font',**font)

fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=3, ncols=1)


plt.tight_layout(pad=0.05, w_pad=0.001, h_pad=2.0)
ax1 = plt.subplot(231) # creates first axis

#ax1.text(20, 2500, 'CYCLE :', size=14) 

#ax1.text(1000, 2500, str((image)*50+50), size=14) 

ax1.tick_params(labelsize=8) 
ax1.set_xticks([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax1.set_yticks([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax1.tick_params(labelsize=8) 
ax1.imshow(mouchetis[::-1,::],alpha=0.6)
ax1.imshow(V_exp_invmaskA,cmap='hot',extent=(X.min(),2015,Y.min(),2015), alpha=0.4)
i1 = ax1.imshow(V_maskA,cmap='hot',extent=(X.min(),2015,Y.min(),2015),alpha=0.8)
ax1.set_xticklabels([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax1.set_yticklabels([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax1.set_title("MASQUE A", y=1.05, fontsize=10)


ax2 = plt.subplot(232) # creates second axis
ax2.set_xticks([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax2.set_yticks([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax2.imshow(mouchetis[::-1,::],alpha=0.6)
ax2.imshow(V_exp_invmaskB,cmap='hot',extent=(X.min(),2015,Y.min(),2015), alpha=0.4)
i2 = ax2.imshow(V_maskB,cmap='hot',extent=(X.min(),2015,Y.min(),2015),alpha=0.8)
ax2.set_title("MASQUE B", y=1.05, fontsize=10)
ax2.set_xticklabels([])
ax2.set_yticklabels([])


ax3 = plt.subplot(233) # creates first axis
ax3.set_xticks([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax3.set_yticks([0,2000,500,1000,1500])
ax3.imshow(mouchetis[::-1,::],alpha=0.6)
ax3.imshow(V_exp_invmaskC,cmap='hot',extent=(X.min(),2015,Y.min(),2015), alpha=0.4)
i3 = ax3.imshow(V_maskC,cmap='hot',extent=(X.min(),2015,Y.min(),2015),alpha=0.8)
ax3.set_xticklabels([])
ax3.set_yticklabels([])

#Here i add the fourth figure but i dont know how i can do...

ax4 = plt.subplot(234)
ax4.plot(cycles,res_meanA,'ko',label='A',markersize=5,markerfacecolor='None')

ax4.legend(loc=2,prop={'size':12})
ax4.subplots_adjust(left=0.15)
plt.show()

Answer 1

Use gridspec:

from matplotlib.gridspec import GridSpec
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig=plt.figure()

gs=GridSpec(2,3) # 2 rows, 3 columns

ax1=fig.add_subplot(gs[0,0]) # First row, first column
ax2=fig.add_subplot(gs[0,1]) # First row, second column
ax3=fig.add_subplot(gs[0,2]) # First row, third column
ax4=fig.add_subplot(gs[1,:]) # Second row, span all columns

fig.savefig('gridspec.png')