I'd like to tell urllib2.urlopen
(or a custom opener) to use 127.0.0.1
(or ::1
) to resolve addresses. I wouldn't change my /etc/resolv.conf
, however.
One possible solution is to use a tool like dnspython
to query addresses and httplib
to build a custom url opener. I'd prefer telling urlopen
to use a custom nameserver though. Any suggestions?
Looks like name resolution is ultimately handled by socket.create_connection
.
-> urllib2.urlopen
-> httplib.HTTPConnection
-> socket.create_connection
Though once the "Host:" header has been set, you can resolve the host and pass on the IP address through down to the opener.
I'd suggest that you subclass httplib.HTTPConnection
, and wrap the connect
method to modify self.host
before passing it to socket.create_connection
.
Then subclass HTTPHandler
(and HTTPSHandler
) to replace the http_open
method with one that passes your HTTPConnection
instead of httplib's own to do_open
.
Like this:
import urllib2
import httplib
import socket
def MyResolver(host):
if host == 'news.bbc.co.uk':
return '66.102.9.104' # Google IP
else:
return host
class MyHTTPConnection(httplib.HTTPConnection):
def connect(self):
self.sock = socket.create_connection((MyResolver(self.host),self.port),self.timeout)
class MyHTTPSConnection(httplib.HTTPSConnection):
def connect(self):
sock = socket.create_connection((MyResolver(self.host), self.port), self.timeout)
self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file)
class MyHTTPHandler(urllib2.HTTPHandler):
def http_open(self,req):
return self.do_open(MyHTTPConnection,req)
class MyHTTPSHandler(urllib2.HTTPSHandler):
def https_open(self,req):
return self.do_open(MyHTTPSConnection,req)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(MyHTTPHandler,MyHTTPSHandler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
f = urllib2.urlopen('http://news.bbc.co.uk')
data = f.read()
from lxml import etree
doc = etree.HTML(data)
>>> print doc.xpath('//title/text()')
['Google']
Obviously there are certificate issues if you use the HTTPS, and you'll need to fill out MyResolver...