Using pip install to install Cartopy but missing Proj version at least 4.9.0

Question

It seems that I cannot get pip to install Cartopy on my computer. I work straight from the windows command line (no Anaconda or other proxy programs).

When I try "pip install cartopy" I get the expected:

C:\Users\Justin\Documents\Python Programs>pip install cartopy
Collecting cartopy
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e5/92/fe8838fa8158931906dfc4f16c5c1436b3dd2daf83592645b179581403ad/Cartopy-0.17.0.tar.gz
  Installing build dependencies ... done
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    C:\Users\Justin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-cetb0vj7\cartopy\setup.py:171: UserWarning: Unable to determine GEOS version. Ensure you have 3.3.3 or later installed, or installation may fail.
      '.'.join(str(v) for v in GEOS_MIN_VERSION), ))
    Proj 4.9.0 must be installed.

    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in C:\Users\Justin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-cetb0vj7\cartopy\

I know that "pip install proj" does not actually get the correct module version so I went to https://proj4.org/install.html to download and install the OSGeo4W which I thought would solve my problem but has appeared not to (for reference I do still have this on my computer though).

So then I tried install the cartopy .whl directly from this https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#cartopy website and tried using "pip install Cartopy-0.17.0-cp37-cp37m-win32.whl" (I use the the 32 bit version of Python3.7 so I am fairly certain this is the correct file). But I then get the error:

C:\Users\Justin\Documents\Python Programs>pip install Cartopy-0.17.0-cp37-cp37m-win32.whl
    Processing c:\users\justin\documents\python programs\cartopy-0.17.0-cp37-cp37m-win32.whl
        Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.10 in c:\users\justin\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from Cartopy==0.17.0) (1.15.1)
        Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=0.7.2 in c:\users\justin\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from Cartopy==0.17.0) (40.6.2)
        Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.3.0 in c:\users\justin\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from Cartopy==0.17.0) (1.11.0)
        Collecting pyshp>=1.1.4 (from Cartopy==0.17.0)
          Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/08/3e/3bda7dfdbee0d7a22d38443f5cc8d154ff6d4701e615f4c07bf1ed003563/pyshp-2.0.1.tar.gz (214kB)
            100% |████████████████████████████████| 215kB 1.4MB/s
        Collecting shapely>=1.5.6 (from Cartopy==0.17.0)
          Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a2/fb/7a7af9ef7a35d16fa23b127abee272cfc483ca89029b73e92e93cdf36e6b/Shapely-1.6.4.post2.tar.gz
            Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
            Traceback (most recent call last):
              File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
              File "C:\Users\Justin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-sb4uyliy\shapely\setup.py", line 80, in <module>
                from shapely._buildcfg import geos_version_string, geos_version, \
              File "C:\Users\Justin\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-sb4uyliy\shapely\shapely\_buildcfg.py", line 200, in <module>
                lgeos = CDLL("geos_c.dll")
              File "c:\users\justin\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 356, in __init__
                self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
            OSError: [WinError 126] The specified module could not be found

So then I tried to download something called a tar.gz file, but this is where I lose myself. I am not familiar with tar.gz and I saw there you have to "./configure" the file path, but I was not sure how to do this nor was I sure where I should store said file. Any guidance around this issue would be so incredibly appreciated thank you.

Answer 1

According to response to the corresponding Github issue, https://github.com/googlecolab/colabtools/issues/85#issuecomment-372532728, ubuntu users need to install some extra packages before installing Cartopy.

!apt-get install libproj-dev proj-data proj-bin  
!apt-get install libgeos-dev  
!pip install cython  
!pip install cartopy