How to implement a read-only member variable in PHP?

user198729 picture user198729 · Feb 26, 2010 · Viewed 17.7k times · Source

When trying to change it,throw an exception.

Answer

Pascal MARTIN picture Pascal MARTIN · Feb 26, 2010

I suppose a solution, for class properties, would be to :

  • not define a property with the name that interests you
  • use the magic __get method to access that property, using the "fake" name
  • define the __set method so it throws an exception when trying to set that property.
  • See Overloading, for more informations on magic methods.

For variables, I don't think it's possible to have a read-only variable for which PHP will throw an exception when you're trying to write to it.


For instance, consider this little class :

class MyClass {
    protected $_data = array(
        'myVar' => 'test'
    );

    public function __get($name) {
        if (isset($this->_data[$name])) {
            return $this->_data[$name];
        } else {
            // non-existant property
            // => up to you to decide what to do
        }
    }

    public function __set($name, $value) {
        if ($name === 'myVar') {
            throw new Exception("not allowed : $name");
        } else {
            // => up to you to decide what to do
        }
    }
}

Instanciating the class and trying to read the property :

$a = new MyClass();
echo $a->myVar . '<br />';

Will get you the expected output :

test

While trying to write to the property :

$a->myVar = 10;

Will get you an Exception :

Exception: not allowed : myVar in /.../temp.php on line 19