How would I go about checking if a domain name is registered? I was thinking about checking if it has a corresponding IP but it doesn't seem to work as well as I had hoped. Is there a solution in either PHP or Python that can check?
"Registered" doesn't mean "assigned an IP address". To know whether a domain name is registered, you'll need to do a whois query.
For Python, there's pywhois, but from its web site it seems somewhat immature. Also see this SO question.
For PHP, there's... surprise... phpwhois.