I would like to see a log of THE WHOLE code execution of PHP script(s). Something like this: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ruby_Programming/Standard_Library/Tracer (for lack of better example; no flame please).
Is there some way how to obtain the log in PHP?
Note: I know I can use a debugger but that's not the same.
Xdebug is definitely what you want, but with something like callgrind from the valgrind suite as well.
Zend blog post here should give you some pointers: http://devzone.zend.com/1139/profiling-php-applications-with-xdebug/