select distinct constraint_type from user_constraints;
C
-
C
P
R
U
Seems P means primary key and R means foreign key, correct? What are U and C?
From the 12cR1 documentation:
C - Check constraint on a table
P - Primary key
U - Unique key
R - Referential integrity
V - With check option, on a view
O - With read only, on a view
H - Hash expression
F - Constraint that involves a REF column
S - Supplemental logging