NSTextView syntax highlighting

Question

I'm working on a Cocoa text editor which uses an NSTextView. Is it possible to change the color of certain portions of the text?

Answer 1

You should add your controller as the delegate of the NSTextStorage object of the NSTextView ([textView textStorage]) and then implement the delegate method ‑textStorageDidProcessEditing:. This is called whenever the text changes.

In the delegate method you need to get the current NSTextStorage object from the text view using the -textStorage method of NSTextView. NSTextStorage is a subclass of NSAttributedString and contains the attributed contents of the view.

Your code must then parse the string and apply coloring to whatever ranges of text are interesting to you. You apply color to a range using something like this, which will apply a yellow color to the whole string:

//get the range of the entire run of text
NSRange area = NSMakeRange(0, [textStorage length]);

//remove existing coloring
[textStorage removeAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName range:area];

//add new coloring
[textStorage addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName 
                    value:[NSColor yellowColor] 
                    range:area];

How you parse the text is up to you. NSScanner is a useful class to use when parsing text.

Note that this method is by no means the most efficient way of handling syntax coloring. If the documents you are editing are very large you will most likely want to consider offloading the parsing to a separate thread and/or being clever about which sections of text are reparsed.