Unit Testing of private methods in Xcode
I'm trying out test driven development in a toy project. I can get the tests working for the public interface to my classes (although I'm still on the fence because I'm writing more testing code than there is in the methods being tested).
I tend to use a lot of private methods becuase I like to keep the public interfaces clean; however, I'd still like to use tests on these methods.
Since Cocoa is a dynamic language, I can still call these private methods, but i get warnings in my tests that my class may not respond to these methods (although it clearly does). Since I like to compile with no warnings here are my questions:
- How do i turn off these warnings in Xcode?
- Is there something else I could do to turn off these warnings?
- Am I doing something wrong in trying 'white box' testing?
Answer
Remember that there's actually no such thing as "private methods" in Objective-C, and it's not just because it's a dynamic language. By design, Objective-C has visibility modifiers for ivars, but not for methods — it's not by accident that you can call any method you like.
@Peter's suggestion is a great one. To complement his answer, an alternative I've used (when I don't want/need a header just for private methods) is to declare a category in the unit test file itself. (I use @interface MyClass (Test) as the name.) This is a great way to add methods that would be unnecessary bloat in the release code, such as for accessing ivars that the class under test has access to. (This is obviously less of an issue when properties are used.)
I've found this approach makes it easy to expose and verify internal state, as well as adding test-only methods. For example, in this unit test file, I wrote an -isValid method for verifying correctness of a binary heap. In production, this method would be a waste of space, since I assume a heap is valid — I only care about it when testing for unit test regressions if I modify the code.