MySQL difference between two rows of a SELECT Statement

user1108276 picture user1108276 · Feb 13, 2013 · Viewed 35.7k times · Source

I am trying to make the difference of two rows in an mysql database.
I have this table containing ID, kilometers, date, car_id, car_driver etc...
Since I don't always enter the information in the table in the correct order, I may end up with information like this:

ID | Kilometers | date | car_id | car_driver | ...
 1 | 100        | 2012-05-04 | 1 | 1  
 2 | 200        | 2012-05-08 | 1 | 1
 3 | 1000       | 2012-05-25 | 1 | 1 
 4 | 600        | 2012-05-16 | 1 | 1

With a select statement I am able to sort my table correctly:

SELECT * FROM mytable ORDER BY car_driver ASC, car_id ASC, date ASC

I will obtain this:

ID | Kilometers | date  | car_id | car_driver | ...  
 1 | 100        | 2012-05-04 | 1 | 1  
 2 | 200        | 2012-05-08 | 1 | 1
 4 | 600        | 2012-05-16 | 1 | 1  
 3 | 1000       | 2012-05-25 | 1 | 1

Now I would like to make a view where basically I have this extra information: Number of kilometers since last date and I would like to obtain something like this:

ID | Kilometers | date       | car_id | car_driver | number_km_since_last_date   
 1 | 100        | 2012-05-04 | 1 | 1 | 0  
 2 | 200        | 2012-05-08 | 1 | 1 | 100  
 4 | 600        | 2012-05-16 | 1 | 1 | 400  
 3 | 1000       | 2012-05-25 | 1 | 1 | 400

I thought of doing an INNER JOIN to perform what I wanted, but I have the feeling I can't do the join on my ID since they are not sorted correctly.
Is there a way to achieve what I want?

Shall I create a view with a sort of row_number that I can then used in my INNER JOIN?

Answer

Michael Fredrickson picture Michael Fredrickson · Feb 13, 2013
SELECT
    mt1.ID,
    mt1.Kilometers,
    mt1.date,
    mt1.Kilometers - IFNULL(mt2.Kilometers, 0) AS number_km_since_last_date   
FROM
    myTable mt1
    LEFT JOIN myTable mt2
        ON mt2.Date = (
            SELECT MAX(Date)
            FROM myTable mt3
            WHERE mt3.Date < mt1.Date
        )
ORDER BY mt1.date

Sql Fiddle

Or, by emulating a lag() function through MySql hackiness...

SET @kilo=0;

SELECT
    mt1.ID,
    mt1.Kilometers - @kilo AS number_km_since_last_date,
    @kilo := mt1.Kilometers Kilometers,
    mt1.date
FROM myTable mt1
ORDER BY mt1.date

Sql Fiddle