I was reading this article, and at one point it gives me this nasm program:
; tiny.asm
BITS 32
GLOBAL main
SECTION .text
main:
mov eax, 42
ret
And tells me to run the following commands:
$ nasm -f elf tiny.asm
$ gcc -Wall -s tiny.o
I got the following error:
ld: warning: option -s is obsolete and being ignored
ld: warning: ignoring file tiny.o, file was built for unsupported file format which is not the architecture being linked (x86_64)
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"_main", referenced from:
start in crt1.10.6.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
I ventured a guess at what might be the problem, and changed the BITS line to read:
BITS 64
But then when I run nasm -f elf tiny.asm
I get:
tiny.asm:2: error: `64' is not a valid segment size; must be 16 or 32
How do I modify the code to work on my machine?
Edit:
I took Alex's advice from the comments and downloaded a newer version. However,
./nasm-2.09.10/nasm -f elf tiny.asm
complains
tiny.asm:2: error: elf32 output format does not support 64-bit code
On the other hand,
./nasm-2.09.10/nasm -f elf64 tiny.asm
gcc -Wall -s tiny.o
complains
ld: warning: ignoring file tiny.o, file was built for unsupported file format which is not the architecture being linked (x86_64)
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"_main", referenced from:
start in crt1.10.6.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
There are OS X-specific adjustments you have to make in order for your example to work: The main method is prepended with a _ by the OS X linker:
; tiny.asm
BITS 32
GLOBAL _main
SECTION .text
_main:
mov eax, 42
ret
The second is that you have to use the mach file format:
nasm -f macho tiny.asm
Now you can link it (using -m32 to indicate a 32 bit object file):
gcc -m32 tiny.o