On Mac OS X, if I send SIGQUIT to my C program, it terminates, but there is no core dump file.
Do you have to manually enable core dumps on Mac OS X (how?), or are they written to somewhere else instead of the working directory?
It seems they are suppressed by default. Running
$ ulimit -c unlimited
Will enable core dumps for the current terminal, and it will be placed in /cores
as core.PID
. When you open a new session, it will be set to the default value again.