What is an example of how to use a TensorFlow TFRecord with a Keras Model and tf.session.run() while keeping the dataset in tensors w/ queue runners?
Below is a snippet that works but it needs the following improvements:
Here is the snippet, there are several TODO lines indicating what is needed:
from keras.models import Model
import tensorflow as tf
from keras import backend as K
from keras.layers import Dense, Input
from keras.objectives import categorical_crossentropy
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
sess = tf.Session()
K.set_session(sess)
# Can this be done more efficiently than placeholders w/ TFRecords?
img = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(None, 784))
labels = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=(None, 10))
# TODO: Use Input()
x = Dense(128, activation='relu')(img)
x = Dense(128, activation='relu')(x)
preds = Dense(10, activation='softmax')(x)
# TODO: Construct model = Model(input=inputs, output=preds)
loss = tf.reduce_mean(categorical_crossentropy(labels, preds))
# TODO: handle TFRecord data, is it the same?
mnist_data = input_data.read_data_sets('MNIST_data', one_hot=True)
train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5).minimize(loss)
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
# TODO remove default, add queuerunner
with sess.as_default():
for i in range(1000):
batch = mnist_data.train.next_batch(50)
train_step.run(feed_dict={img: batch[0],
labels: batch[1]})
print(loss.eval(feed_dict={img: mnist_data.test.images,
labels: mnist_data.test.labels}))
Why is this question relevant?
Here is some starter information for a semantic segmentation problem example:
I don't use tfrecord dataset format so won't argue on the pros and cons, but I got interested in extending Keras to support the same.
github.com/indraforyou/keras_tfrecord is the repository. Will briefly explain the main changes.
Dataset creation and loading
data_to_tfrecord
and read_and_decode
here takes care of creating tfrecord dataset and loading the same. Special care must be to implement the read_and_decode
otherwise you will face cryptic errors during training.
Initialization and Keras model
Now both tf.train.shuffle_batch
and Keras Input
layer returns tensor. But the one returned by tf.train.shuffle_batch
don't have metadata needed by Keras internally. As it turns out, any tensor can be easily turned into a tensor with keras metadata by calling Input
layer with tensor
param.
So this takes care of initialization:
x_train_, y_train_ = ktfr.read_and_decode('train.mnist.tfrecord', one_hot=True, n_class=nb_classes, is_train=True)
x_train_batch, y_train_batch = K.tf.train.shuffle_batch([x_train_, y_train_],
batch_size=batch_size,
capacity=2000,
min_after_dequeue=1000,
num_threads=32) # set the number of threads here
x_train_inp = Input(tensor=x_train_batch)
Now with x_train_inp
any keras model can be developed.
Training (simple)
Lets say train_out
is the output tensor of your keras model. You can easily write a custom training loop on the lines of:
loss = tf.reduce_mean(categorical_crossentropy(y_train_batch, train_out))
train_op = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01).minimize(loss)
# sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
sess.run(tf.initialize_all_variables())
with sess.as_default():
coord = tf.train.Coordinator()
threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(sess=sess, coord=coord)
try:
step = 0
while not coord.should_stop():
start_time = time.time()
_, loss_value = sess.run([train_op, loss], feed_dict={K.learning_phase(): 0})
duration = time.time() - start_time
if step % 100 == 0:
print('Step %d: loss = %.2f (%.3f sec)' % (step, loss_value,
duration))
step += 1
except tf.errors.OutOfRangeError:
print('Done training for %d epochs, %d steps.' % (FLAGS.num_epochs, step))
finally:
coord.request_stop()
coord.join(threads)
sess.close()
Training (keras style)
One of the features of keras that makes it so lucrative is its generalized training mechanism with the callback functions.
But to support tfrecords type training there are several changes that are need in the fit
function
feed_dict
But all this can be easily supported by another flag parameter. What makes things messing are the keras features sample_weight
and class_weight
they are used to weigh each sample and weigh each class. For this in compile()
keras creates placeholders (here) and placeholders are also implicitly created for the targets (here) which is not needed in our case the labels are already fed in by tfrecord readers. These placeholders needs to be fed in during session run which is unnecessary in our cae.
So taking into account these changes, compile_tfrecord
(here) and fit_tfrecord
(here) are the extension of compile
and fit
and shares say 95% of the code.
They can be used in the following way:
import keras_tfrecord as ktfr
train_model = Model(input=x_train_inp, output=train_out)
ktfr.compile_tfrecord(train_model, optimizer='rmsprop', loss='categorical_crossentropy', out_tensor_lst=[y_train_batch], metrics=['accuracy'])
train_model.summary()
ktfr.fit_tfrecord(train_model, X_train.shape[0], batch_size, nb_epoch=3)
train_model.save_weights('saved_wt.h5')
You are welcome to improve on the code and pull requests.