I'm trying to get a jQuery component similar to the one on this site.
Basically, there is a list with available elements that you can drag and drop into several blocks.
I have quite a bit of JavaScript development experience, but I'm quite new to jQuery, the language I want this to be scripted in.
Can you please lead me to some example similar to the one showed above, or give me some hints on what would be a good place to start looking for something like this?
Maybe jQuery UI does what you are looking for. Its composed out of many handy helper functions like making objects draggable, droppable, resizable, sortable etc.
Take a look at sortable with connected lists.