Usage of the backtick character (`) in JavaScript

Question

In JavaScript, a backtick^† seems to work the same as a single quote. For instance, I can use a backtick to define a string like this:

var s = `abc`;

Is there a way in which the behavior of the backtick actually differs from that of a single quote?

---

^{† Note that among programmers, "backtick" is one name for what is more generally called the grave accent. Programmers also sometimes use the alternate names "backquote" and "backgrave". Also, on Stack Overflow and elsewhere, other common spellings for "backtick" are "back-tick" and "back tick".}

Answer 1

This is a feature called template literals.

They were called "template strings" in prior editions of the ECMAScript 2015 specification.

Template literals are supported by Firefox 34, Chrome 41, and Edge 12 and above, but not by Internet Explorer.

• Examples: http://tc39wiki.calculist.org/es6/template-strings/
• Official specification: ECMAScript 2015 Language Specification, 12.2.9 Template Literal Lexical Components (a bit dry)

Template literals can be used to represent multi-line strings and may use "interpolation" to insert variables:

var a = 123, str = `---
   a is: ${a}
---`;
console.log(str);

Output:

---
   a is: 123
---

What is more important, they can contain not just a variable name, but any JavaScript expression:

var a = 3, b = 3.1415;

console.log(`PI is nearly ${Math.max(a, b)}`);