Today my data analysis routine would be something like the following: do the heavy work with either R, Julia or Python and then display it in the web with JavaScript (for example, using D3.js).
My initial focus with JS was mainly data visualization/interaction with the end product of the analysis, so I started studying it with this in mind. But I was wondering: are there JS libraries focused on data analysis (data manipulation with the notion of data frames, implementation of statistical models) so it would be feasible to do some of the heavy work directly in JavaScript?
I can list a number of projects that can help you in this process:
d3js, which you already mentioned. It is not only limited to visualizing but also looking at the API section of the library, offers many manipulation methods.
DataSet offers a good way to manipulate data.
TableTop is a library intended for parsing of CSV data
jStat is a library for statistical data analysis.
With a bit of googling I also found this interesting website, full of infos: https://jgoodall.me/2012/02/01/javascript-statistical-libraries