Copying an array of objects into another array in javascript

Question

How can I copy every element of an array (where the elements are objects), into another array, so that they are totally independent? I don't want changing an element in one array to affect the other.

Answer 1

The key things here are

1. The entries in the array are objects, and
2. You don't want modifications to an object in one array to show up in the other array.

That means we need to not just copy the objects to a new array (or a target array), but also create copies of the objects.

If the destination array doesn't exist yet...

...use map to create a new array, and copy the objects as you go:

const newArray = sourceArray.map(obj => /*...create and return copy of `obj`...*/);

...where the copy operation is whatever way you prefer to copy objects, which varies tremendously project to project based on use case. That topic is covered in depth in the answers to this question. But for instance, if you only want to copy the objects but not any objects their properties refer to, you could use spread notation (ES2015+):

const newArray = sourceArray.map(obj => ({...obj}));

That does a shallow copy of each object (and of the array). Again, for deep copies, see the answers to the question linked above.

Here's an example using a naive form of deep copy that doesn't try to handle edge cases, see that linked question for edge cases:

function naiveDeepCopy(obj) {
    const newObj = {};
    for (const key of Object.getOwnPropertyNames(obj)) {
        const value = obj[key];
        if (value && typeof value === "object") {
            newObj[key] = {...value};
        } else {
            newObj[key] = value;
        }
    }
    return newObj;
}
const sourceArray = [
    {
        name: "joe",
        address: {
            line1: "1 Manor Road",
            line2: "Somewhere",
            city: "St Louis",
            state: "Missouri",
            country: "USA",
        },
    },
    {
        name: "mohammed",
        address: {
            line1: "1 Kings Road",
            city: "London",
            country: "UK",
        },
    },
    {
        name: "shu-yo",
    },
];
const newArray = sourceArray.map(naiveDeepCopy);
// Modify the first one and its sub-object
newArray[0].name = newArray[0].name.toLocaleUpperCase();
newArray[0].address.country = "United States of America";
console.log("Original:", sourceArray);
console.log("Copy:", newArray);

.as-console-wrapper {
    max-height: 100% !important;
}

If the destination array exists...

...and you want to append the contents of the source array to it, you can use push and a loop:

for (const obj of sourceArray) {
    destinationArray.push(copy(obj));
}

Sometimes people really want a "one liner," even if there's no particular reason for it. If you refer that, you could create a new array and then use spread notation to expand it into a single push call:

destinationArray.push(...sourceArray.map(obj => copy(obj)));