The "install" goal copies the artifact to the target directory and to the local repository.
How can I tell Maven to copy it also to a given directory (like the deploy directory of JBoss for example).
The goal copy of maven-dependency-plugin does what you want, see the example.
It is however not a good idea to copy anything outside your target directory (or ${project.build.directory}
to be precise) - especially if such action is attached to a build phase, because it introduces unexpected side-effects of the build, and sometimes even loss of reproducibility.
As @Andreas_D notes, there is a better alternative for JBoss deployment purpose; similarly for deploying to other appservers.