Hibernate NoSuchFieldError INSTANCE but only with Struts 1?

Question

I'm new to Java and Hibernate (being a Rails and C# developer). Anyway, I have a test program that works fine with Hibernate but my actual web app (Struts 1) crashes with:

SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet default threw exception java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: INSTANCE

I am using:

Hibernate 3.6.1 with Annotations

Struts 1 with Apache Tiles

C3P0 connection pool

Here is the program that actually WORKS. It's a part of the main project. Just a simple JAVA test.

public class TestUser {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
    Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
    session.beginTransaction();

    String queryString = "from User where UserName = 'Quake'";
    Query query = session.createQuery(queryString);

    User quake = (User)query.uniqueResult();
    session.getTransaction().commit();

    System.out.println( quake.getEmail() );
    System.out.println( "Active? " + quake.isActive() );


    UserRepository userRepo = new UserRepository();

    System.out.println( "User Quake: " + userRepo.findAll().get(0).getEmail() );

  }
}

Works just fine. Outputs a little sample data.

Now, when I try to do the same thing in Struts, I get the exception. This is what does NOT WORK:

public class ListUsers extends org.apache.struts.action.Action {

  /* forward name="success" path="" */
  private static final String SUCCESS = "success";

/**
 * This is the action called from the Struts framework.
 * @param mapping The ActionMapping used to select this instance.
 * @param form The optional ActionForm bean for this request.
 * @param request The HTTP Request we are processing.
 * @param response The HTTP Response we are processing.
 * @throws java.lang.Exception
 * @return
 */
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
        HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws Exception {


    List<String> listMsg = new ArrayList<String>();

    listMsg.add("Message A");
    listMsg.add("Message B");
    listMsg.add("Message C");
    listMsg.add("Message D");

    request.setAttribute("listMsg", listMsg);



    UserRepository userRepo = new UserRepository();  // CRASHES HERE (see HibernateUtil)
    String email = userRepo.first().getEmail();


    return mapping.findForward(SUCCESS);
  }
}

This is my HibernateUtil class:

public class HibernateUtil {

  private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory();

  private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
    try {
        // Create the SessionFactory from hibernate.cfg.xml
        Configuration config = new Configuration();  // THIS LINE CRASHES IN STRUTS

        // Add annotated classes
        config.addAnnotatedClass(User.class);

        config.configure();
        return config.buildSessionFactory();

    } catch (Throwable ex) {
        // Make sure you log the exception, as it might be swallowed
        System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed.  WTFQNIL: " + ex);
        throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
    }
  }

  public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
    return sessionFactory;
  }
}

The Configuration config = new Configuration() line in the HibernateUtil is the line that crashes in Struts but not the test app.

Here is the complete exception dump:

Feb 24, 2011 9:51:58 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet default threw exception
java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: INSTANCE
at org.hibernate.type.BasicTypeRegistry.<init>(BasicTypeRegistry.java:94)
at org.hibernate.type.TypeResolver.<init>(TypeResolver.java:59)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.<init>(Configuration.java:249)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.<init>(Configuration.java:300)
at com.kencogroup.kkms.struts.utilities.HibernateUtil.buildSessionFactory(HibernateUtil.java:22)
at com.kencogroup.kkms.struts.utilities.HibernateUtil.<clinit>(HibernateUtil.java:17)
at com.kencogroup.dao.repositories.UserRepository.first(UserRepository.java:33)
at com.kencogroup.kkms.struts.actions.ListUsers.execute(ListUsers.java:52)
at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:425)
at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:228)
at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1913)
at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doGet(ActionServlet.java:449)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.handleRewrite(RuleChain.java:176)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.doRules(RuleChain.java:145)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriter.processRequest(UrlRewriter.java:92)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter.doFilter(UrlRewriteFilter.java:381)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.netbeans.modules.web.monitor.server.MonitorFilter.doFilter(MonitorFilter.java:393)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:646)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:436)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:374)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:302)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.NormalRewrittenUrl.doRewrite(NormalRewrittenUrl.java:213)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.handleRewrite(RuleChain.java:171)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.doRules(RuleChain.java:145)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriter.processRequest(UrlRewriter.java:92)
at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter.doFilter(UrlRewriteFilter.java:381)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.netbeans.modules.web.monitor.server.MonitorFilter.doFilter(MonitorFilter.java:393)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProcessor.process(Http11AprProcessor.java:859)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11AprProtocol.java:579)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$Worker.run(AprEndpoint.java:1555)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)

What am I doing wrong?

Thanks!

Answer 1

It looks like you have several versions of Hibernate jars in the classpath.