RESTful API - chunked response for bulk operation

java json rest jax-rs chunked
pkalinow picture pkalinow · Feb 27, 2015 · Viewed 8.4k times · Source

I work on a REST-like API that will support bulk operations on some resources. As it may take some time to finish such a request, I would like to return statuses of the operations in a chunked response. The media type should be JSON. How to do it with JAX-RS?

(I know that there is StreamingOutput, but it needs to manually serialize the data.)

Answer

lefloh picture lefloh · Feb 28, 2015

Chunked Transfer encoding is usually used in cases where the content length is unknown when the sender starts transmitting the data. The receiver can handle each chunk while the server is still producing new ones. This implies the the server is sending the whole time. I don't think that it makes too much sense to send I'm still working|I'm still working|I'm still working| in chunks and as far as I know chunked transfer-encoding is handled transparently by most application servers. They switch automatically when the response is bigger then a certain size.

A common pattern for your use case looks like this:

The client triggers a bulk operation:

POST /batch-jobs HTTP/1.1

The server creates a resource which describes the status of the job and returns the URI in the Location header:

HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
Location: /batch-jobs/stats/4711

The client checks this resource and receives a 200:

GET /batch-jobs/stats/4711 HTTP/1.1

This example uses JSON but you could also return plain text or add caching headers which tell the client how long he should wait for the next poll.

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json

{ "status" : "running", "nextAttempt" : "3000ms" }

If the job is done the server should answer with a 303 and the URI of the resource he has created:

HTTP/1.1 303 See other
Location: /batch-jobs/4711

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