Non-linear axes for imshow in matplotlib

Question

I am generating 2D arrays on log-spaced axes (for instance, the x pixel coordinates are generated using logspace(log10(0.95), log10(2.08), n).

I want to display the image using a plain old imshow, in its native resolution and scaling (I don't need to stretch it; the data itself is already log scaled), but I want to add ticks, labels, lines that are in the correct place on the log axes. How do I do this?

Ideally I could just use commands line axvline(1.5) and the line would be in the correct place (58% from the left), but if the only way is to manually translate between logscale coordinates and image coordinates, that's ok, too.

For linear axes, using extents= in the call to imshow does what I want, but I don't see a way to do the same thing with a log axis.

Example:

from matplotlib.colors import LogNorm

x = logspace(log10(10), log10(1000), 5)
imshow(vstack((x,x)), extent=[10, 1000, 0, 100], cmap='gray', norm=LogNorm(), interpolation='nearest')
axvline(100, color='red')

This example does not work, because extent= only applies to linear scales, so when you do axvline at 100, it does not appear in the center. I'd like the x axis to show 10, 100, 1000, and axvline(100) to put a line in the center at the 100 point, while the pixels remain equally spaced.

Answer 1

In my view, it is better to use pcolor and regular (non-converted) x and y values. pcolor gives you more flexibility and regular x and y axis are less confusing.

import pylab as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.colors import LogNorm
from matplotlib.ticker import LogFormatterMathtext

x=np.logspace(1, 3, 6)
y=np.logspace(0, 2,3)
X,Y=np.meshgrid(x,y)
z = np.logspace(np.log10(10), np.log10(1000), 5)
Z=np.vstack((z,z))

im = plt.pcolor(X,Y,Z, cmap='gray', norm=LogNorm())
plt.axvline(100, color='red')

plt.xscale('log')
plt.yscale('log')

plt.colorbar(im, orientation='horizontal',format=LogFormatterMathtext())
plt.show()

As pcolor is slow, a faster solution is to use pcolormesh instead.

im = plt.pcolormesh(X,Y,Z, cmap='gray', norm=LogNorm())