Which files generated by Autotools should I keep in version control repository?
I am new to autotools and I am working on a C project. I want to add my project to a git repository. Which files generated by the autotools I need to track in my version control system and which should be ignored?
Answer
You should not keep any files under version control that are not hand-edited. That means any generated file should be ignored by the version control system. I basically put only the following under version control:
configure.acMakefile.am- the documentation files such as
AUTHORS,NEWSetc. Makefile.amin subdirectories
To address the point of having a "ready-to-install" version brought up by Scharron, some people include a script in the project's root directory, called bootstrap or autogen.sh, that you run once when you check a fresh copy out. You can see an example in one of my projects here. For a simpler project, your autogen.sh really only needs to consist of one line:
autoreconf --install || exit 1
although some people prefer to run ./configure automatically at the end of autogen.sh.
Why not track all the generated files in version control? Because their contents depend on the machine you are building on, the version of autotools you generated them with, and the phase of the moon. Any time any of these changes, the generated autotools files will change, and you will get a lot of junk in your commits.
Also, anyone who checks your code out of version control in order to build it should be expected to have proper development tools installed, so you really don't need to worry about people running into trouble because of missing autotools.
What VonC says about C projects coming with a configure file to generate the Makefiles is true for source code distributions (the .tar.gz file that you get when you type make dist) but not necessarily for freshly checked out copies from version control.