I'd like to be able to open the app and print the parameters when I click on the dynamic link (even though it's not published).
Is there a way to do this?
Yes! In fact, I go through this exact process in the getting started videoS (part 1), (part 2), which I recommend you check out if you haven't yet.
But, generally speaking, you can test the "Open my app if I have it installed" flow simply by clicking on a dynamic link. If your app is installed on the device, it should open up just fine; even if it's not a published app.
If you want to test the non-installed flow, this is pretty easy, too.