Excel is changing the axis (that you don't have displayed) automatically to what it thinks is a relevant range. However, this range is probably something like 75% to 100% as in the following picture (with the axis displayed):
While this seems to not make sense for the purpose of a 100% stacked bar chart, this is nonetheless what Excel tries to do.
To fix it, go to Primary Horizontal Axis options and change the Minimum from "Auto" to "Fixed" and set the value to 0. You might also want to set the Maximum to "Fixed" and set the value to 1. See options pictured below: