strcpy() and arrays of strings

Question

I need to store the input from a user into an array of strings.

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

char *history[10] = {0};

int main (void) {

    char input[256];

    input = "input";

    strcpy(history[0], input);

    return (EXIT_SUCCESS);

}

Running it on the terminal I get a Segmentation Fault and in NetBeans I get main.c:11: error: incompatible types in assignment. I also tried to shift all the history to store the newest input into the first position (history[0]).

history[9] = history[8];
history[8] = history[7];
history[7] = history[6];
history[6] = history[5];
history[5] = history[4];
history[4] = history[3];
history[3] = history[2];
history[2] = history[1];
history[1] = history[0];
history[0] = input;

But this causes output like this.

If input is "input"

History 0: input History 1: null etc.

If then input is "new"

History 0: new History 1: new History 2: null etc.

Each time a new input is entered the pointers to the string shift but it causes only the newest value to be saved in the history array.

Answer 1

You need to allocate space for the string. This can be done several ways, the two leading contenders look like:

char history[10][100];

and

char *history[10];
for (j = 0;  j < 10;  ++j)
    history [j] = malloc (100);

The first statically allocates ten character buffers at 100 characters each. The second, as you wrote it, statically allocates ten pointers to characters. By filling in the pointer with dynamically allocated memory (which could each be arbitrary lengths), there is memory to read the string later.