How to write a buffer-overflow exploit in GCC,windows XP,x86?

Question

void function(int a, int b, int c) {
   char buffer1[5];
   char buffer2[10];
   int *ret;

   ret = buffer1 + 12;
   (*ret) += 8;//why is it 8??
}

void main() {
  int x;

  x = 0;
  function(1,2,3);
  x = 1;
  printf("%d\n",x);
}

The above demo is from here:

http://insecure.org/stf/smashstack.html

But it's not working here:

D:\test>gcc -Wall -Wextra hw.cpp && a.exe
hw.cpp: In function `void function(int, int, int)':
hw.cpp:6: warning: unused variable 'buffer2'
hw.cpp: At global scope:
hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'a'
hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'b'
hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'c'
1

And I don't understand why it's 8 though the author thinks:

A little math tells us the distance is 8 bytes.

My gdb dump as called:

Dump of assembler code for function main:
0x004012ee <main+0>:    push   %ebp
0x004012ef <main+1>:    mov    %esp,%ebp
0x004012f1 <main+3>:    sub    $0x18,%esp
0x004012f4 <main+6>:    and    $0xfffffff0,%esp
0x004012f7 <main+9>:    mov    $0x0,%eax
0x004012fc <main+14>:   add    $0xf,%eax
0x004012ff <main+17>:   add    $0xf,%eax
0x00401302 <main+20>:   shr    $0x4,%eax
0x00401305 <main+23>:   shl    $0x4,%eax
0x00401308 <main+26>:   mov    %eax,0xfffffff8(%ebp)
0x0040130b <main+29>:   mov    0xfffffff8(%ebp),%eax
0x0040130e <main+32>:   call   0x401b00 <_alloca>
0x00401313 <main+37>:   call   0x4017b0 <__main>
0x00401318 <main+42>:   movl   $0x0,0xfffffffc(%ebp)
0x0040131f <main+49>:   movl   $0x3,0x8(%esp)
0x00401327 <main+57>:   movl   $0x2,0x4(%esp)
0x0040132f <main+65>:   movl   $0x1,(%esp)
0x00401336 <main+72>:   call   0x4012d0 <function>
0x0040133b <main+77>:   movl   $0x1,0xfffffffc(%ebp)
0x00401342 <main+84>:   mov    0xfffffffc(%ebp),%eax
0x00401345 <main+87>:   mov    %eax,0x4(%esp)
0x00401349 <main+91>:   movl   $0x403000,(%esp)
0x00401350 <main+98>:   call   0x401b60 <printf>
0x00401355 <main+103>:  leave
0x00401356 <main+104>:  ret
0x00401357 <main+105>:  nop
0x00401358 <main+106>:  add    %al,(%eax)
0x0040135a <main+108>:  add    %al,(%eax)
0x0040135c <main+110>:  add    %al,(%eax)
0x0040135e <main+112>:  add    %al,(%eax)
End of assembler dump.

Dump of assembler code for function function:
0x004012d0 <function+0>:        push   %ebp
0x004012d1 <function+1>:        mov    %esp,%ebp
0x004012d3 <function+3>:        sub    $0x38,%esp
0x004012d6 <function+6>:        lea    0xffffffe8(%ebp),%eax
0x004012d9 <function+9>:        add    $0xc,%eax
0x004012dc <function+12>:       mov    %eax,0xffffffd4(%ebp)
0x004012df <function+15>:       mov    0xffffffd4(%ebp),%edx
0x004012e2 <function+18>:       mov    0xffffffd4(%ebp),%eax
0x004012e5 <function+21>:       movzbl (%eax),%eax
0x004012e8 <function+24>:       add    $0x5,%al
0x004012ea <function+26>:       mov    %al,(%edx)
0x004012ec <function+28>:       leave
0x004012ed <function+29>:       ret

In my case the distance should be - = 5,right?But it seems not working..

Why function needs 56 bytes for local variables?( sub $0x38,%esp )

Answer 1

It's hard to predict what buffer1 + 12 really points to. Your compiler can put buffer1 and buffer2 in any location on the stack it desires, even going as far as to not save space for buffer2 at all. The only way to really know where buffer1 goes is to look at the assembler output of your compiler, and there's a good chance it would jump around with different optimization settings or different versions of the same compiler.