What are the 'ref' and 'sealed' keywords in C++?

c++ ref sealed
paxdiablo picture paxdiablo · Sep 26, 2011 · Viewed 11.5k times · Source

I've just seen some (presumably) C++ code which sports two "keywords" unknown to me (I'm assuming keywords but, since I have no context, they may be simple #define things).

They also don't seem to appear in the C++11 standard, at least the draft I have but, since that's a pretty late draft, I can't imagine them being just dropped into the standard at the last minute. They are ref and sealed.

The code I found them in was something like:

public ref class DevIface sealed {
    private:
        int currOffset;
public:
        DevIface (int initOffset);
        : : :

Does anyone know what these keywords are, and what they're meant to achieve?

Answer

SLaks picture SLaks · Sep 26, 2011

This is C++/CLI.

A ref class is a managed type.
sealed means that the class cannot be inherited

Related questions

C++ Difference between std::ref(T) and T&?

I have some questions regarding this program: #include <iostream> #include <type_traits> #include <functional> using namespace std; template <typename T> void foo ( T x ) { auto r=ref(x); cout<<boolalpha; …

Read More
What would be a "Hello, World!" example for "std::ref"?

Can somebody give a simple example which demonstrates the functionality of std::ref? I mean an example in which some other constructs (like tuples, or data type templates) are used only if it is impossible to explain std::ref without …

Read More
Easiest way to convert int to string in C++

What is the easiest way to convert from int to equivalent string in C++. I am aware of two methods. Is there any easier way? (1) int a = 10; char *intStr = itoa(a); string str = string(intStr); (2) int a = 10; stringstream ss; ss &…

Read More