valgrind memory leak errors when using pthread_create

Question

I'm writing a program using the pthread library. When I run my program with the command valgrind --leak-check=full, I get the following errors description:

==11784==  
==11784== **HEAP SUMMARY:**  
==11784==     in use at exit: 4,952 bytes in 18 blocks  
==11784==   total heap usage: 1,059 allocs, 1,041 frees, 51,864 bytes allocated  
==11784==  
==11784== **288 bytes** in 1 blocks are possibly lost in loss record 2 of 3  
==11784==    at 0x4C2380C: calloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:467)  
==11784==    by 0x4010D2E: _dl_allocate_tls (dl-tls.c:300)  
==11784==    by 0x55DC218: **pthread_create**@@GLIBC_2.2.5 (allocatestack.c:570)  
==11784==    by 0x401BC0: initdevice(char*) (in /a/fr-01/vol/home/stud/lim/workspace  /Ex3/l)  
==11784==    by 0x406D05: main (in /a/fr-01/vol/home/stud/lim/workspace/Ex3/l)  
==11784==  
==11784== **4,608 bytes** in 16 blocks are possibly lost in loss record 3 of 3  
==11784==    at 0x4C2380C: calloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:467)  
==11784==    by 0x4010D2E: _dl_allocate_tls (dl-tls.c:300)  
==11784==    by 0x55DC218: **pthread_create**@@GLIBC_2.2.5 (allocatestack.c:570)    
==11784==    by 0x40268F: write2device(char*, int) (in /a/fr-01/vol/home/stud/lim/workspace/Ex3/l)  
==11784==    by 0x406D7B: main (in /a/fr-01/vol/home/stud/lim/workspace/Ex3/l)  
==11784==  
==11784== **LEAK SUMMARY:**  
==11784==    definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks  
==11784==    indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks  
==11784==      possibly lost: 4,896 bytes in 17 blocks  
==11784==    still reachable: 56 bytes in 1 blocks  
==11784==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks  
==11784== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.  
==11784== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-reachable=yes  
==11784==  
==11784== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v  
==11784== ERROR SUMMARY: 2 errors from 2 contexts (suppressed: 4 from 4)  

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Every time I call pthread_create, with a certain function - I call the function pthread_exit in the end of the function. So, after verifying this is not the problem, what could be the problem?

Answer 1

A thread's resources are not immediately released at termination, unless the thread was created with the detach state attribute set to PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED, or if pthread_detach is called for its pthread_t.

An undetached thread will remain terminated state until its identifier is passed to pthread_join or pthread_detach.

To sum it up, you have three options:

1. create your thread with detached attribute set(PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED attribute)
2. Detach your thread after creation (by calling pthread_detach), or
3. Join with the terminated threads to recycle them (by calling pthread_join).

Hth.