I'm serving up an image from a database using an IHttpHandler. The relevant code is here:
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
int imageID;
if (int.TryParse(context.Request.QueryString["id"], out imageID))
{
var photo = new CoasterPhoto(imageID);
if (photo.CoasterPhotoID == 0)
context.Response.StatusCode = 404;
else
{
byte[] imageData = GetImageData(photo);
context.Response.OutputStream.Write(imageData, 0, imageData.Length);
context.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.Public);
context.Response.Cache.SetExpires(DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(5));
context.Response.Cache.SetLastModified(photo.SubmitDate);
}
}
else
context.Response.StatusCode = 404;
}
The problem is that the browser won't cache the image, presumably because I'm not indicating the right thing in the response headers. The part calling methods on the HttpCachePolicy property is what I thought would force the browser to hold on to the image, but it doesn't. I think the "right" thing is for the handler to return a 304 status code without an image, right? How do I achieve that using IHttpHandler?
EDIT:
Per the best answer, I got this code running and it completely solves the problem. Yes, it needs some refactoring, but it generally demonstrates what I was after. The relevant parts:
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.Headers["If-Modified-Since"]))
{
CultureInfo provider = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;
var lastMod = DateTime.ParseExact(context.Request.Headers["If-Modified-Since"], "r", provider).ToLocalTime();
if (lastMod == photo.SubmitDate)
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 304;
context.Response.StatusDescription = "Not Modified";
return;
}
}
byte[] imageData = GetImageData(photo);
context.Response.OutputStream.Write(imageData, 0, imageData.Length);
context.Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.Public);
context.Response.Cache.SetLastModified(photo.SubmitDate);
AFAIK, you are responsible for sending 304 Not Modified, meaning I am not aware of anything in the .Net framework that does it for you in this use case of you sending "dynamic" image data. What you will have to do (in pseudo code):
A simple way to track last modified times on your end is to cache newly generated images on the file system and keep an in-memory dictionary around that maps the image ID to a struct containing the file name on disk and the last modification date. Use Response.WriteFile to send the data from disk. Of course, every time you restart your worker process, the dictionary would be empty, but you're getting at least some caching benefit without having to deal with persisting caching information somewhere.
You can support this approach by separating the concerns of "Image Generation" and "Sending Images over HTTP" into different classes. Right now you're doing two very different things in the same place.
I know this may sound a little complex, but it's worth it. I just recently implemented this approach and the savings in processing time and bandwidth usage were incredible.