I am using the ASP.NET Core default website template and have the authentication selected as "Individual User Accounts". How can I create roles and assign it to users so that I can use the roles in a controller to filter access?
My comment was deleted because I provided a link to a similar question I answered here. Ergo, I'll answer it more descriptively this time. Here goes.
You could do this easily by creating a CreateRoles
method in your startup
class. This helps check if the roles are created, and creates the roles if they aren't; on application startup. Like so.
private async Task CreateRoles(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
{
//initializing custom roles
var RoleManager = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<RoleManager<IdentityRole>>();
var UserManager = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<UserManager<ApplicationUser>>();
string[] roleNames = { "Admin", "Manager", "Member" };
IdentityResult roleResult;
foreach (var roleName in roleNames)
{
var roleExist = await RoleManager.RoleExistsAsync(roleName);
if (!roleExist)
{
//create the roles and seed them to the database: Question 1
roleResult = await RoleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(roleName));
}
}
//Here you could create a super user who will maintain the web app
var poweruser = new ApplicationUser
{
UserName = Configuration["AppSettings:UserName"],
Email = Configuration["AppSettings:UserEmail"],
};
//Ensure you have these values in your appsettings.json file
string userPWD = Configuration["AppSettings:UserPassword"];
var _user = await UserManager.FindByEmailAsync(Configuration["AppSettings:AdminUserEmail"]);
if(_user == null)
{
var createPowerUser = await UserManager.CreateAsync(poweruser, userPWD);
if (createPowerUser.Succeeded)
{
//here we tie the new user to the role
await UserManager.AddToRoleAsync(poweruser, "Admin");
}
}
}
and then you could call the CreateRoles(serviceProvider).Wait();
method from the Configure
method in the Startup class.
ensure you have IServiceProvider
as a parameter in the Configure
class.
Using role-based authorization in a controller to filter user access: Question 2
You can do this easily, like so.
[Authorize(Roles="Manager")]
public class ManageController : Controller
{
//....
}
You can also use role-based authorization in the action method like so. Assign multiple roles, if you will
[Authorize(Roles="Admin, Manager")]
public IActionResult Index()
{
/*
.....
*/
}
While this works fine, for a much better practice, you might want to read about using policy based role checks. You can find it on the ASP.NET core documentation here, or this article I wrote about it here