For example, right now I'm using the following to change a couple of files whose Unix paths I wrote to a file:
cat file.txt | while read in; do chmod 755 "$in"; done
Is there a more elegant, safer way?
Yes.
while read in; do chmod 755 "$in"; done < file.txt
This way you can avoid a cat
process.
cat
is almost always bad for a purpose such as this. You can read more about Useless Use of Cat.