I've been trying to look into using the OpenSL ES library that is available for doing native audio with android 2.3, but it appears that the header files and the 600 page pdf of the spec are the only available documentation.
Where should I be looking for examples, tutorials, or a brief overview of the capabilities?
There's an example app that comes with the NDK called NativeAudio. It has examples of nearly anything you would ever want to implement: effects, streaming, synthesis, etc. If you look at its code, you'll get a good head start.