android.os.FileUriExposedException: file.jpg exposed beyond app through ClipData.Item.getUri()

Question

I try to do a button that open the camera and take picture. my code is here

//for imports check on bottom of this code block

public class HomeProfileActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//Button camera
public static final String TAG = HomeProfileActivity.class.getSimpleName();
public static final int REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO = 0;
public static final int REQUEST_TAKE_VIDEO = 1;
public static final int REQUEST_PICK_PHOTO = 2;
public static final int REQUEST_PICK_VIDEO = 3;
public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 4;
public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 5;

private Uri mMediaUri;
private ImageView photobutton;
private Button buttonUploadImage, buttonTakeImage;

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_home_profile);
    ButterKnife.bind(this);
}

@OnClick(R.id.buttonTakeImage)
void takePhoto() {
    mMediaUri = getOutputMediaFileUri(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE);
    if (mMediaUri == null) {
        Toast.makeText(this,
                "There was a problem accessing your device's external storage.",
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
    else {
        Intent takePhotoIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        takePhotoIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, mMediaUri);
        startActivityForResult(takePhotoIntent, REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO);
    }
}

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    if (resultCode == RESULT_OK){
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(this, ViewImageActivity.class);
            intent.setData(mMediaUri);
            startActivity(intent);
        }
    }
    else if (resultCode != RESULT_CANCELED){
        Toast.makeText(this, "Sorry, there was an error", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

private Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int mediaType) {
    // check for external storage
    if (isExternalStorageAvailable()) {
        // get the URI

        // 1. Get the external storage directory
        File mediaStorageDir = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);

        // 2. Create a unique file name
        String fileName = "";
        String fileType = "";
        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());

        if (mediaType == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE) {
            fileName = "IMG_" + timeStamp;
            fileType = ".jpg";
        } else if (mediaType == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            fileName = "VID_" + timeStamp;
            fileType = ".mp4";
        } else {
            return null;
        }
        // 3. Create the file
        File mediaFile;
        try {
            mediaFile = File.createTempFile(fileName, fileType, mediaStorageDir);
            Log.i(TAG, "File: " + Uri.fromFile(mediaFile));

            // 4. Return the file's URI
            return Uri.fromFile(mediaFile);
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Error creating file: " +
                        mediaStorageDir.getAbsolutePath() + fileName + fileType);
            }
        }

        // something went wrong
        return null;
    }

private boolean isExternalStorageAvailable(){
    String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)){
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import butterknife.OnClick;

I have also a problem with startActivityForResult in the method onclick and the import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; also jump in the exception runtime i am working with buildtoolsversion sdk 25

Answer 1

Besides the solution using the FileProvider, there is another way to work around this. Simply put

 StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder builder = new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder();
 StrictMode.setVmPolicy(builder.build());

in Application.onCreate() method. In this way the VM ignores the file URI exposure.