Here are a couple of other ways to ask this question: What is Android's equivalent to Apple's vpp (volume purchase program)? What is Google Play's equivalent to Apple's vpp (volume purchase program)?
Right now I am distributing apps using Apple's b2b program that allows me to restrict who can download an app. I give the user a unique URL, from that URL they are able to download one copy of my app.
I would like to do the same thing using Google Play.
I want to distribute using Google Play rather than downloading off my site because I do not want to have the user be bothered with changing their setup to allow downloading from unknown sources.
Google has something called "Private Channel" http://support.google.com/a/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=2494992 . From reading the documentation it seems that this program is targeted for companies that are in control of their user's email addresses.
I need to handout download codes to users with existing accounts that I do not control.
I needed to revisit this issue for a new app: I talked to Google: it does not violate their rules to use the Beta program for doing this. That is: I can either list all of the email addresses that will access the app in the beta program, create a link that if someone has that link they can download the app, or create a google group that anyone in that group can access the app.
For my use case I am going to use the google group so that someone else can manage the members of the group.