What is the algorithm to compute the Amazon-S3 Etag for a file larger than 5GB?
Files uploaded to Amazon S3 that are smaller than 5GB have an ETag that is simply the MD5 hash of the file, which makes it easy to check if your local files are the same as what you put on S3.
But if your file is larger than 5GB, then Amazon computes the ETag differently.
For example, I did a multipart upload of a 5,970,150,664 byte file in 380 parts. Now S3 shows it to have an ETag of 6bcf86bed8807b8e78f0fc6e0a53079d-380. My local file has an md5 hash of 702242d3703818ddefe6bf7da2bed757. I think the number after the dash is the number of parts in the multipart upload.
I also suspect that the new ETag (before the dash) is still an MD5 hash, but with some meta data included along the way from the multipart upload somehow.
Does anyone know how to compute the ETag using the same algorithm as Amazon S3?
Answer
Just verified one. Hats off to Amazon for making it simple enough to be guessable.
Say you uploaded a 14MB file and your part size is 5MB. Calculate 3 MD5 checksums corresponding to each part, i.e. the checksum of the first 5MB, the second 5MB, and the last 4MB. Then take the checksum of their concatenation. Since MD5 checksums are hex representations of binary data, just make sure you take the MD5 of the decoded binary concatenation, not of the ASCII or UTF-8 encoded concatenation. When that's done, add a hyphen and the number of parts to get the ETag.
Here are the commands to do it on Mac OS X from the console:
$ dd bs=1m count=5 skip=0 if=someFile | md5 >>checksums.txt
5+0 records in
5+0 records out
5242880 bytes transferred in 0.019611 secs (267345449 bytes/sec)
$ dd bs=1m count=5 skip=5 if=someFile | md5 >>checksums.txt
5+0 records in
5+0 records out
5242880 bytes transferred in 0.019182 secs (273323380 bytes/sec)
$ dd bs=1m count=5 skip=10 if=someFile | md5 >>checksums.txt
2+1 records in
2+1 records out
2599812 bytes transferred in 0.011112 secs (233964895 bytes/sec)
At this point all the checksums are in checksums.txt. To concatenate them and decode the hex and get the MD5 checksum of the lot, just use
$ xxd -r -p checksums.txt | md5
And now append "-3" to get the ETag, since there were 3 parts.
It's worth noting that md5 on Mac OS X just writes out the checksum, but md5sum on Linux also outputs the filename. You'll need to strip that, but I'm sure there's some option to only output the checksums. You don't need to worry about whitespace cause xxd will ignore it.
Note: If you uploaded with aws-cli via aws s3 cp then you most likely have a 8MB chunksize. According to the docs, that is the default.
Update: I was told about an implementation of this at https://github.com/Teachnova/s3md5, which doesn't work on OS X. Here's a Gist I wrote with a working script for OS X.